BGA (Ball Grid Array) soldering yog ib txoj hauv kev siv dav hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob rau kev sib koom ua ke rau hauv cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit Board (PCBs). Txoj kev no muab kev sib txuas ntau dua thiab txhim khu kev qha piv rau cov khoom siv los ntawm lub qhov los yog nto mount technology. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov nyuaj ntawm BGA soldering ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Ntawm no, peb yuav tshawb nrhiav cov kev cov nyom uas tau ntsib hauv BGA soldering thiab sib tham txog cov tswv yim zoo los daws lawv.
BGA Soldering yog dab tsi?
BGA soldering yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov pob khoom sib txuas rau PCB siv cov khoom sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv. Cov pob no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov hlau lead lossis cov hlau tsis muaj hlau lead, nyob ntawm cov kev cai ib puag ncig thiab cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Cov pob BGA muaj cov substrate, uas ua raws li tus neeg nqa khoom rau kev sib koom ua ke, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsim cov hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas ntawm lub pob thiab PCB.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm BGA Soldering hauv Electronics Manufacturing
BGA soldering plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li khoos phis tawj, smartphones, thiab gaming consoles. Qhov kev thov nce ntxiv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me thiab muaj zog dua tau ua rau kev txais yuav cov pob BGA. Lawv qhov loj me me thiab siab tus pin ceev ua rau lawv haum rau cov ntawv thov siab heev uas qhov chaw txwv.
Cov kev sib tw ntsib hauv BGA Soldering
l Component Alignment thiab Placement
Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv BGA soldering yog xyuas kom meej cov khoom sib dhos thiab tso rau ntawm PCB. Qhov me me ntawm cov pob solder thiab cov txheej txheem ntom ntom ntawm BGA pob ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua tiav qhov tseeb. Misalignment thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos ua ke tuaj yeem ua rau cov txuas txuas txuas, qhib kev sib txuas, lossis kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv.
Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov tuam txhab lag luam ntiav cov thev naus laus zis xws li Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob (AOI) thiab X-ray Inspection. AOI systems siv lub koob yees duab thiab cov duab ua cov algorithms los xyuas qhov tseeb kev sib raug zoo thiab kev tso kawm ntawm BGA Cheebtsam. X-ray kev soj ntsuam, ntawm qhov tod tes, tso cai rau cov tuam txhab pom hauv qab ntawm PCB thiab kuaj pom qhov tsis zoo lossis qhov tsis xws luag uas yuav tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab.
l Daim ntawv thov Solder Paste
Lwm qhov kev sib tw tseem ceeb hauv BGA soldering yog ua tiav qhov tseeb thiab zoo sib xws ntawm daim ntawv thov muab tshuaj txhuam. Solder paste (http://www.bestpcbs.com/blog/2022/08/why-solder-paste-became-dry-and-how-to-solve-this-problem/), sib tov ntawm solder alloy thiab flux , yog siv rau PCB pads ua ntej muab BGA pob. Kev siv tshuaj tsis zoo lossis ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li cov pob qij txha tsis txaus, solder voids, lossis solder bridging.
Yuav kom kov yeej qhov kev sib tw no, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus qauv stencil thiab xaiv qhov aperture. Stencils nrog cov tuab tsim nyog thiab qhov loj me me apertures kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb ntawm qhov muab tshuaj txhuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem ntiav Solder Paste Inspection (SPI) cov tshuab los txheeb xyuas qhov zoo thiab qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj txhuam. Cov tshuaj nplaum uas zoo tshaj plaws siv yog SAC305 solder paste.
l Kub Profileing
Kub profileing, los yog peb tuaj yeem hais txog kev tswj xyuas thermal, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv BGA soldering kom paub meej tias qhov rov ua kom zoo ntawm cov tshuaj muab tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem reflow cuam tshuam nrog PCB ua tib zoo tswj qhov kub thiab txias profile, tso cai rau cov tshuaj txhuam kom yaj, tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke, thiab ua kom muaj zog. Kev ntsuas kub tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tsis txaus, tsis tiav reflow, lossis thermal puas rau cov khoom.
Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum ua kom zoo dua qhov reflow qhov cub teeb thiab calibration kom ua tiav qhov kub thiab txias profile. Thermal profileing cov txheej txheem, xws li kev siv cov thermocouples thiab cov ntaub ntawv loggers, pab saib xyuas thiab tswj qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm reflow.
l Txheej txheem Reflow
Cov txheej txheem reflow nws tus kheej nthuav tawm cov teeb meem hauv BGA soldering. Qhov chaw ntub dej, tus nqi ramp, thiab qhov kub siab tshaj plaws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab thermal ntawm cov khoom thiab xyuas kom cov khoom siv rov ua kom zoo. Kev tswj qhov kub tsis txaus lossis qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev sib tw tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li tombstoning, tivthaiv warpage, lossis voids hauv cov pob qij txha.
Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum xav txog cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm BGA pob thiab ua raws li kev pom zoo reflow profiles muab los ntawm cov neeg muab khoom tivthaiv. Kev ua kom txias tom qab rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv thermal poob siab thiab ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov pob qij txha.
l Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo
Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev tswj kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm BGA soldering kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov pob qij txha. Automated Optical Inspection (AOI) systems thiab X-ray soj ntsuam feem ntau yog siv los xyuas qhov tsis xws luag xws li misalignment, solder wetting tsis txaus, solder bridging, los yog voids nyob rau hauv cov pob qij txha.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam pom, qee cov tuam txhab lag luam tuaj yeem ua qhov kev soj ntsuam hla ntu, qhov twg cov qauv sib koom ua ke raug txiav thiab tshuaj xyuas hauv lub tshuab ntsuas. Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom sib koom ua ke, xws li solder wetting, void formation, los yog muaj cov sib txuas intermetallic.
BGA soldering nthuav qhia cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb hauv kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam. Los ntawm kev daws cov teeb meem no kom zoo, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau thiab ua haujlwm ntawm BGA solder pob qij txha, pab txhawb kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo.