Teknụzụ kacha mma bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta pcb kacha mma na ndị na-eweta bọọdụ sekit na China
Asụsụ
Teknụzụ kacha mma bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta pcb kacha mma na ndị na-eweta bọọdụ sekit na China
BGA (Ball Grid Array) soldering bụ usoro a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta elektrọnik maka ịgbanye sekit agbakwunyere na mbadamba sekit ebipụtara (PCBs). Usoro a na-enye njikọ dị nkenke na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma e jiri ya tụnyere omenala site na oghere ma ọ bụ teknụzụ mgbago elu. Agbanyeghị, mgbagwoju anya nke BGA soldering na-ebute ihe mgbochi dị iche iche n'oge usoro nrụpụta. N'ebe a, anyị ga-enyocha ihe ịma aka ndị chere na BGA soldering ma kparịta usoro dị irè iji lebara ha anya.
Kedu ihe bụ BGA Soldering?
BGA soldering bụ usoro na-agụnye mgbakwunye nke ngwugwu sekit agbakwunyere na PCB site na iji bọọlụ dị iche iche. A na-ejikarị bọọlụ ndị a na-ere ere ma ọ bụ alloys na-enweghị ndu, dabere na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi yana ihe achọrọ. Ihe ngwugwu BGA nwere mkpụrụ, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ebu maka sekit agbakwunyere, yana bọọlụ solder nke na-eme njikọ eletrik na igwe n'etiti ngwugwu na PCB.
Mkpa BGA na-ere ahịa n'imepụta ngwá electronic
Ịzụta BGA na-arụ ọrụ dị oke mkpa n'ichepụta ngwaọrụ eletrọnịkị dị iche iche dịka kọmpụta, ekwentị na kọnsụl egwuregwu. Ọchịchọ maka ngwa eletrọnịkị pere mpe ma sie ike akwalitela nnabata nke ngwugwu BGA. Nha ha na njupụta dị elu na-eme ka ha dabara maka ngwa dị elu ebe ohere dị oke.
Ihe ịma aka ndị chere ihu na BGA soldering
l Ndozi akụkụ na ntinye
Otu n'ime isi ihe ịma aka dị na BGA soldering bụ ịhụ na nhazi akụkụ na ntinye ziri ezi na PCB. Obere bọọlụ ndị na-ere ahịa na nnukwu okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke ngwugwu BGA na-eme ka ọ sie ike ịnweta ọnọdụ ziri ezi. Ihe na-adịghị mma n'oge usoro mgbakọ ahụ nwere ike ịkpata àkwà mmiri na-ere ahịa, njikọ meghere, ma ọ bụ nrụgide ígwè ọrụ na ngwugwu.
Iji gboo ihe ịma aka a, ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eji teknụzụ dị elu dị ka nyocha anya anya (AOI) na nyocha X-ray. Sistemu AOI na-eji igwefoto na algọridim nhazi onyonyo iji chọpụta nhazi ziri ezi na ntinye nke akụrụngwa BGA. Nnyocha X-ray, n'aka nke ọzọ, na-enye ndị na-emepụta ihe ohere ịhụ n'okpuru elu PCB wee chọpụta ihe ọ bụla na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ ntụpọ nke nwere ike ọ gaghị ahụ anya na anya gba ọtọ.
l Ngwa Tapawa Solder
Ihe ịma aka ọzọ dị ịrịba ama na BGA soldering bụ inweta ngwa nhịahụ ziri ezi na-agbanwe agbanwe. Tapawa solder (http://www.bestpcbs.com/blog/2022/08/why-solder-paste-became-dry-and-how-to-solve-this-problem/) , ngwakọta nke alloy solder na flux , a na-etinye ya na paịlị PCB tupu itinye ngwugwu BGA. Mpempe akwụkwọ na-ezuru oke ma ọ bụ nke ukwuu nwere ike iduga nrụrụ ahịa dị ka nkwonkwo na-ezuru ezughi oke, oghere ndị na-ere ihe, ma ọ bụ nchacha ihe ncha.
Iji merie ihe ịma aka a, a ga-enwerịrị nlebara anya nke ọma na nhazi stencil na nhọrọ oghere. Stensụl nwere ọkpụrụkpụ kwesịrị ekwesị na oghere ndị nwere nha nke ọma na-eme ka ndobe ihe ndozi solder ziri ezi. Na mgbakwunye, ndị nrụpụta nwere ike were sistemu nyocha nke Solder Paste (SPI) iji nyochaa ịdịmma yana nkwekọ nke tapawa ihe eji eme ihe. The solder mado nke Best Technology na-eji bụ SAC305 solder mado.
l Nkọwapụta okpomọkụ
Ngosipụta okpomọkụ, ma ọ bụ anyị nwere ike ịsị njikwa okpomọkụ, ọ dị oke mkpa na BGA soldering iji hụ na mweghachi nke tapawa nke ọma. Usoro ntughari na-agụnye idobe PCB na profaịlụ okpomọkụ a na-achịkwa nke ọma, ikwe ka tapawa solder gbazee, mepụta nkwonkwo a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ma sie ike. Ngosipụta ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ezughị oke nwere ike iduga na-eju mmiri na-ezuru oke, nrụgharị ezughị ezu, ma ọ bụ mebie ihe ọkụ.
Ndị na-emepụta ihe ga-ebuli ntọlite oven reflow na nhazi ọkwa iji nweta profaịlụ okpomọkụ ziri ezi. Usoro ịkọwapụta okpomọkụ, dị ka iji thermocouples na ndị na-edekọ data, na-enyere aka nyochaa na ịchịkwa okpomọkụ n'oge usoro nlọghachi.
l Usoro ntinyeghachi
Usoro ntughari n'onwe ya na-eweta ihe ịma aka n'ịzụ ahịa BGA. A ghaghị ijikwa nke ọma nke ọma chịkwaa mpaghara sọk, ọnụego rampụ, na okpomọkụ kacha elu iji gbochie nrụgide okpomọkụ na ihe ndị ahụ ma hụ na ọ ga-agbapụta nke ọma. Ejighi ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ezughị oke ma ọ bụ ọnụego mgbapu na-ezighi ezi nwere ike ịkpata ntụpọ ndị na-ere ahịa dị ka okwute ili, ngwa agha, ma ọ bụ oghere n'ime nkwonkwo solder.
Ndị nrụpụta kwesịrị ịtụle ihe achọrọ nke ngwugwu BGA wee soro profaịlụ ntugharị akwadoro nke ndị na-ebubata akụrụngwa nyere. Ngwọta kwesịrị ekwesị mgbe ịghaghachi azụ dịkwa oke mkpa iji gbochie ujo ọkụ ma hụ na nkwụsi ike nke nkwonkwo solder.
l Nyocha na njikwa ogo
Nyocha na njikwa mma bụ akụkụ dị oke egwu nke ịgbanye BGA iji hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo solder. A na-ejikarị sistemu nyocha anya nke akpaaka (AOI) na nyocha X-ray iji chọpụta ntụpọ dị ka nhazighị nke ọma, akwa mmiri na-ezuru ezughi oke, ncha akwa, ma ọ bụ oghere n'ime nkwonkwo solder.
Na mgbakwunye na usoro nlele anya, ụfọdụ ndị na-emepụta ihe nwere ike ime nyocha nke ngalaba, ebe a na-egbutu ihe jikọrọ ihe na-ere ihe n'okpuru microscope. Ntụle a na-enye ozi bara uru gbasara ịdịmma nke nkwonkwo na-ere ihe, dị ka wetting solder, nhazi ihe efu, ma ọ bụ ọnụnọ nke ogige intermetallic.
Ịzụ ahịa BGA na-enye ihe ịma aka pụrụ iche na nrụpụta elektrọnik, nke metụtara ihe dị iche iche. Site n'ịkwado ihe ịma aka ndị a nke ọma, ndị na-emepụta ihe nwere ike hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo BGA solder, na-enye aka na mmepụta nke ngwá electronic dị elu.
